We have represented medical practices, dental practices, and individual doctors, dentists, and psychologists in connection with federal investigations and prosecutions involving alleged Medicaid or Medicare fraud. In these investigations, the Government may focus on whether services have been billed for that were not provided, whether there has been upcoding (billing for a higher level of service than was provided), or whether unbundling has taken place (the billing of multiple codes where a single code was appropriate). It is extremely important in these types of cases for counsel to be proactive and interact with the Government before any charges are filed. Indeed, the mere filing of charges can have catastrophic collateral consequences, including adverse action by the governing licensing board, negative publicity that cripples a practice, and even Medicaid or Medicare debarment.